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Electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths has different transmission and reflection properties.
S-band radars produce wavelengths of 8 to 15 cm (2 to 4 GHz), and X-band radars produce wavelengths of 2.5 to 4 cm (8 to 12 GHz).
Since X-band radars produce smaller wavelengths, they use small antennas. This antenna can be easily installed on smaller boats, so X-band radar can be used in marine applications.
Because of the smaller wavelength, X-band radar is more sensitive and can detect smaller particles. Most major aircraft are equipped with X-band radar to pick up turbulence and other weather phenomena
The radio waves produced by S-band radars are not easily attenuated, which makes them more penetrating, and they are used for "near- and long-range weather observations." Their penetrating abilities allow them to survive harsh weather.
The size of the S-band antenna can exceed 7.6 meters (25 feet).
X&S Multiband receive only line polarized 4 port feed system network Receive Frequency:
X:8-8.5GHz
S:2-2.5GHz